Las cuatro fechas que importan
| Fecha | Cuándo | Qué significa |
|---|---|---|
| Última helada de primavera (50 %) | May 2 | La mitad de los años hiela después de esta fecha. Es una media, no una garantía. |
| Última helada de primavera (10 %) | May 16 | Solo un año de cada diez hiela después de esta fecha. Úsala para lo que no puedas permitirte replantar. |
| Primera helada de otoño (50 %) | Oct 11 | La mitad de los años hiela antes de esta fecha. Los cultivos de otoño se cuentan hacia atrás desde aquí. |
| Primera helada de otoño (10 %) | Sep 28 | Un año de helada temprana. Si un cultivo tiene que terminar, apunta a cosechar antes de esta fecha. |
Siembra de primavera y verano en Goodland
Las fechas se calculan con la última helada de este lugar, no con una tabla genérica por zona. Los «mejores días lunares» son los días de cada ventana que caen en la fase tradicional del cultivo, la misma regla que usa la app.
| Cultivo | Sembrar dentro | Plantar fuera | Mejores días lunares | Días hasta la cosecha |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strawberry (crowns) transplant |
— | Mar 3 – Apr 11 | Mar 3, Apr 1 Full Moon |
perennial — first real harvest next season |
| Garlic cloves/sets Mejor sembrarlo en otoño: mira abajo |
— | Mar 16 – Apr 16 | Apr 2–7 Waning Gibbous |
240–300 |
| Asparagus (crowns) transplant |
— | Mar 21 – Apr 25 | Mar 25, Apr 23 First Quarter |
perennial — first real harvest 2–3 years |
| Chives either |
Mar 7 | Mar 21 – Apr 25 | Mar 21–24, Apr 18–19 Waxing Crescent |
75–90 |
| Onion (from sets/transplants) cloves/sets |
— | Mar 21 – Apr 25 | Apr 2–7 Waning Gibbous |
90–120 |
| Peas (English/snap) direct sow |
— | Mar 21 – Apr 25 | Mar 25, Apr 23 First Quarter |
55–75 |
| Spinach direct sow |
— | Mar 21 – Apr 25 | Mar 21–24, Apr 18–19 Waxing Crescent |
35–50 |
| Cabbage transplant |
Feb 28 | Mar 28 – Apr 25 | Apr 18–22 Waxing Crescent |
65–90 |
| Collards either |
Mar 21 | Mar 28 – May 16 | Apr 18–22 Waxing Crescent |
55–85 |
| Kale either |
Mar 21 | Mar 28 – May 2 | Apr 18–22 Waxing Crescent |
50–65 |
| Lettuce (leaf) either |
Mar 28 | Mar 28 – May 23 | Apr 18–22, May 17 Waxing Crescent |
40–55 |
| Potato cloves/sets |
— | Mar 28 – May 2 | Apr 1, May 1 Full Moon |
70–120 |
| Radish direct sow |
— | Mar 28 – May 23 | Apr 2–7 Waning Gibbous |
22–35 |
| Turnip direct sow |
— | Mar 28 – May 9 | Apr 2–7 Waning Gibbous |
40–60 |
| Broccoli transplant |
Feb 28 | Apr 2 – May 2 | Apr 18–22 Waxing Crescent |
55–80 |
| Brussels Sprouts transplant |
Feb 28 | Apr 2 – May 2 | Apr 18–22 Waxing Crescent |
90–110 |
| Leek transplant |
Feb 21 | Apr 2 – May 2 | Apr 2–7 Waning Gibbous |
100–120 |
| Lettuce (head) transplant |
Mar 14 | Apr 2 – May 2 | Apr 18–22 Waxing Crescent |
60–85 |
| Parsley either |
Feb 28 | Apr 2 – May 9 | Apr 18–22 Waxing Crescent |
70–90 |
| Parsnip direct sow |
— | Apr 2 – May 9 | May 1 Full Moon |
100–150 |
| Shallot cloves/sets Mejor sembrarlo en otoño: mira abajo |
— | Apr 2 – May 2 | Apr 2–7 Waning Gibbous |
90–120 |
| Beet direct sow |
— | Apr 4 – May 23 | May 1 Full Moon |
50–65 |
| Kohlrabi either |
Mar 21 | Apr 4 – May 9 | Apr 18–22 Waxing Crescent |
45–60 |
| Carrot direct sow |
— | Apr 11 – May 23 | May 1 Full Moon |
65–85 |
| Cauliflower transplant |
Feb 28 | Apr 11 – May 2 | Apr 18–22 Waxing Crescent |
55–80 |
| Cilantro direct sow |
— | Apr 11 – May 23 | Apr 18–22, May 17 Waxing Crescent |
45–70 |
| Swiss Chard direct sow |
— | Apr 11 – Jun 1 | Apr 18–22, May 17 Waxing Crescent |
50–60 |
| Dill direct sow |
— | Apr 18 – Jun 1 | Apr 18–22, May 17 Waxing Crescent |
40–60 |
| Cucumber either |
Apr 11 | May 2 – Jun 1 | May 23 First Quarter |
50–70 |
| Green Beans (bush) direct sow |
— | May 2 – Jun 16 | May 23 First Quarter |
50–65 |
| Oregano transplant |
Mar 7 | May 2 – May 23 | May 23 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Sage transplant |
Mar 7 | May 2 – May 23 | May 23 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Sweet Corn direct sow |
— | May 2 – Jun 16 | May 23 First Quarter |
60–100 |
| Thyme transplant |
Mar 7 | May 2 – May 23 | May 23 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Zucchini / Summer Squash either |
Apr 11 | May 2 – Jun 1 | May 23 First Quarter |
45–60 |
| Basil either |
Mar 21 | May 9 – Jun 1 | May 17–22 Waxing Crescent |
30–60 |
| Dry Beans direct sow |
— | May 9 – Jun 6 | May 23 First Quarter |
85–100 |
| Pole Beans direct sow |
— | May 9 – Jun 11 | May 23 First Quarter |
60–75 |
| Pumpkin direct sow |
Apr 11 | May 9 – Jun 6 | May 23 First Quarter |
90–120 |
| Rosemary transplant |
May 2 | May 9 – Jun 1 | May 23 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Tomatillo transplant |
Mar 21 | May 9 – Jun 1 | May 23 First Quarter |
60–75 |
| Tomato transplant |
Mar 21 | May 9 – Jun 1 | May 23 First Quarter |
60–85 |
| Winter Squash direct sow |
Apr 11 | May 9 – Jun 6 | May 23 First Quarter |
85–110 |
| Cantaloupe / Muskmelon either |
Apr 11 | May 16 – Jun 6 | May 23 First Quarter |
75–90 |
| Eggplant transplant |
Mar 7 | May 16 – Jun 6 | May 23 First Quarter |
60–90 |
| Okra direct sow |
Apr 4 | May 16 – Jun 11 | May 23 First Quarter |
50–70 |
| Pepper transplant |
Mar 7 | May 16 – Jun 6 | May 23 First Quarter |
60–90 |
| Sweet Potato slips |
— | May 16 – Jun 11 | Jun 1–6 Waning Gibbous |
90–150 |
| Watermelon either |
Apr 11 | May 16 – Jun 6 | May 23 First Quarter |
70–90 |
Siembra de otoño en Goodland
Las fechas de otoño se cuentan hacia atrás desde la primera helada y añaden tiempo por el «factor de otoño»: los días se acortan y refrescan, así que el cultivo crece más despacio de lo que promete el sobre. Sembrar tarde es la forma más común de que falle un huerto de otoño.
| Cultivo | Sembrar o trasplantar | Mejores días lunares | Días hasta la cosecha | Resistencia al frío |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brussels Sprouts | May 29 – Jun 15 | Jun 15 | 90–110 | hardy |
| Potato | Jun 3 – Jul 5 | Jun 29 | 70–120 | semi-hardy |
| Pole Beans | Jun 18 – Jul 1 | Jun 21 | 60–75 | tender |
| Parsley | Jun 21 – Jul 5 | — | 70–90 | semi-hardy |
| Okra | Jun 23 – Jul 23 | Jul 21 | 50–70 | very tender |
| Cabbage | Jun 28 – Jul 10 | — | 65–90 | hardy |
| Carrot | Jun 28 – Jul 10 | Jun 29 | 65–85 | semi-hardy |
| Collards | Jun 28 – Jul 20 | Jul 15–20 | 55–85 | hardy |
| Cucumber | Jun 28 – Jul 11 | — | 50–70 | tender |
| Broccoli | Jul 3 – Jul 20 | Jul 15–20 | 55–80 | hardy |
| Cauliflower | Jul 3 – Jul 20 | Jul 15–20 | 55–80 | semi-hardy |
| Green Beans (bush) | Jul 3 – Jul 11 | — | 50–65 | tender |
| Lettuce (head) | Jul 3 – Jul 15 | Jul 15 | 60–85 | semi-hardy |
| Peas (English/snap) | Jul 3 – Jul 20 | — | 55–75 | hardy |
| Beet | Jul 8 – Jul 25 | — | 50–65 | semi-hardy |
| Kale | Jul 8 – Jul 25 | Jul 15–20 | 50–65 | hardy |
| Swiss Chard | Jul 8 – Jul 25 | Jul 15–20 | 50–60 | semi-hardy |
| Zucchini / Summer Squash | Jul 8 – Jul 16 | — | 45–60 | tender |
| Basil | Jul 13 – Jul 31 | Jul 15–20 | 30–60 | very tender |
| Kohlrabi | Jul 13 – Jul 30 | Jul 15–20 | 45–60 | hardy |
| Cilantro | Jul 18 – Jul 30 | Jul 18–20 | 45–70 | semi-hardy |
| Lettuce (leaf) | Jul 18 – Aug 4 | Jul 18–20 | 40–55 | semi-hardy |
| Turnip | Jul 18 – Aug 4 | Jul 30–Aug 4 | 40–60 | hardy |
| Spinach | Jul 23 – Aug 9 | — | 35–50 | hardy |
| Dill | Jul 28 – Aug 4 | — | 40–60 | semi-hardy |
| Radish | Jul 28 – Aug 22 | Jul 30–Aug 4 | 22–35 | hardy |
| Garlic | Sep 11 – Nov 1 | Sep 27–Oct 2 | 240–300 | hardy |
| Shallot | Sep 25 – Oct 26 | Sep 27–Oct 2 | 90–120 | hardy |
De dónde salen estos números
Las fechas de helada de esta página son normales observadas en estación, no estimaciones: vienen de Goodland (GHCN USW00023065), una de las 6.808 estaciones de EE. UU. de las Climate Normals 1991–2020 de la NOAA. La zona de rusticidad es del USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map de 2023. Los tiempos de cultivo se expresan como desfases respecto a tus heladas, tomados de guías de siembra de la Extensión universitaria.
¿Qué precisión tiene todo esto?
Extension recommendations for the same crop routinely disagree by two to four weeks, and occasionally more, so these offsets should be presented as windows and starting points rather than deadlines. Three things drive the spread. (1) Regional risk tolerance: for warm-season crops, Colorado State and Utah State put tomatoes, peppers and melons out about 14 days after the last frost, while University of Missouri's calendar works out to roughly 25-35 days after the last frost and University of Maryland's window runs from the frost date itself out to 45 days past it. That is a real 6-week spread for the single most popular garden crop, and it exists because a short-season mountain state is optimizing against a short season while a humid continental state is optimizing against cold, wet spring soil. (2) Soil temperature versus calendar date: most Extension services now say the honest trigger is soil temperature at 4 inches, not the frost date, and the frost-relative number is a convenience translation. A cold, wet spring can push the real date two or three weeks past the calendar recommendation. (3) Days-to-maturity is variety-specific and is measured differently for direct-seeded versus transplanted crops - seed catalogs count from transplant date for tomatoes, peppers, eggplant and cole crops, but from sowing for roots and greens - so a 'days to maturity' range of 60-85 for tomato is genuinely 60-85 depending on which packet you bought. Additionally, the average last frost is a 50% probability, meaning half of all years have a frost after that date; Extension services commonly advise waiting 1-2 weeks past it for anything frost-tender, or being prepared to cover. Treat every number here as plus or minus about 10-14 days.
Sobre la estación en sí: una estación meteorológica es un punto. Las ciudades retienen el calor, los valles acumulan aire frío y un huerto en ladera norte puede ir dos semanas por detrás de otro a una milla. Toma esta página como punto de partida y deja que tu propio huerto la corrija: para eso está el diario de la app.
Lugares cercanos
Avisos de siembra para Goodland
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