本页由英文机器翻译而成,可能存在错误。

规划 › 种植日历 › New Mexico › Rio Rancho
种植日历

Rio Rancho, New Mexico 种植日历

一般年份里,Rio Rancho 的春季终霜大约在 April 20,秋季初霜大约在 October 22——大约有 185 个无霜天可用,属 USDA 7b 分区。下面是每种作物的种植时间,以及每个时间窗里落在哪些月相日。

真正要紧的四个日期

日期什么时候意味着什么
春季终霜 (50%)Apr 20 有一半的年份会在这个日期之后还结霜。这是平均值,不是保证。
春季终霜 (10%)May 5 只有十年里的一年会在这之后结霜。凡是不能重种的作物,就按这个日期来。
秋季初霜 (50%)Oct 22 有一半的年份会在这个日期之前结霜。秋菜就是从这里往回推算的。
秋季初霜 (10%)Oct 10 早霜年份。如果某种作物必须收成,就争取在这之前收。
USDA 7b 分区 185 个无霜天 模型估算值

Rio Rancho 的春夏播种

这些日期是按本地自己的终霜日期算出来的,不是照搬通用的分区表。“最佳月相日” 是每个时间窗里落在该作物传统月相上的那几天——和 App 用的是同一条规则。

作物室内育苗露地定植 最佳月相日收获天数
Strawberry (crowns)
transplant
— Feb 19 – Mar 30 Mar 3
Full Moon
perennial — first real harvest next season
Garlic
cloves/sets
更适合秋播——见下文
— Mar 4 – Apr 4 Mar 4–9
Waning Gibbous
240–300
Asparagus (crowns)
transplant
— Mar 9 – Apr 13 Mar 25
First Quarter
perennial — first real harvest 2–3 years
Chives
either
Feb 23 Mar 9 – Apr 13 Mar 19–24
Waxing Crescent
75–90
Onion (from sets/transplants)
cloves/sets
— Mar 9 – Apr 13 Mar 9–10, Apr 2–5
Waning Gibbous
90–120
Peas (English/snap)
direct sow
— Mar 9 – Apr 13 Mar 25
First Quarter
55–75
Spinach
direct sow
— Mar 9 – Apr 13 Mar 19–24
Waxing Crescent
35–50
Cabbage
transplant
Feb 16 Mar 16 – Apr 13 Mar 19–24
Waxing Crescent
65–90
Collards
either
Mar 9 Mar 16 – May 4 Mar 19–24
Waxing Crescent
55–85
Kale
either
Mar 9 Mar 16 – Apr 20 Mar 19–24
Waxing Crescent
50–65
Lettuce (leaf)
either
Mar 16 Mar 16 – May 11 Mar 19–24
Waxing Crescent
40–55
Potato
cloves/sets
— Mar 16 – Apr 20 Apr 1
Full Moon
70–120
Radish
direct sow
— Mar 16 – May 11 Apr 2–7
Waning Gibbous
22–35
Turnip
direct sow
— Mar 16 – Apr 27 Apr 2–7
Waning Gibbous
40–60
Broccoli
transplant
Feb 16 Mar 21 – Apr 20 Mar 21–24, Apr 18–19
Waxing Crescent
55–80
Brussels Sprouts
transplant
Feb 16 Mar 21 – Apr 20 Mar 21–24, Apr 18–19
Waxing Crescent
90–110
Leek
transplant
Feb 9 Mar 21 – Apr 20 Apr 2–7
Waning Gibbous
100–120
Lettuce (head)
transplant
Mar 2 Mar 21 – Apr 20 Mar 21–24, Apr 18–19
Waxing Crescent
60–85
Parsley
either
Feb 16 Mar 21 – Apr 27 Mar 21–24, Apr 18–19
Waxing Crescent
70–90
Parsnip
direct sow
— Mar 21 – Apr 27 Apr 1
Full Moon
100–150
Shallot
cloves/sets
更适合秋播——见下文
— Mar 21 – Apr 20 Apr 2–7
Waning Gibbous
90–120
Beet
direct sow
— Mar 23 – May 11 Apr 1, May 1
Full Moon
50–65
Kohlrabi
either
Mar 9 Mar 23 – Apr 27 Mar 23–24, Apr 18–21
Waxing Crescent
45–60
Carrot
direct sow
— Mar 30 – May 11 Apr 1, May 1
Full Moon
65–85
Cauliflower
transplant
Feb 16 Mar 30 – Apr 20 Apr 18–20
Waxing Crescent
55–80
Cilantro
direct sow
— Mar 30 – May 11 Apr 18–22
Waxing Crescent
45–70
Swiss Chard
direct sow
— Mar 30 – May 20 Apr 18–22, May 17
Waxing Crescent
50–60
Dill
direct sow
— Apr 6 – May 20 Apr 18–22, May 17
Waxing Crescent
40–60
Cucumber
either
Mar 30 Apr 20 – May 20 Apr 23
First Quarter
50–70
Green Beans (bush)
direct sow
— Apr 20 – Jun 4 Apr 23, May 23
First Quarter
50–65
Oregano
transplant
Feb 23 Apr 20 – May 11 Apr 23
First Quarter
cut as needed
Sage
transplant
Feb 23 Apr 20 – May 11 Apr 23
First Quarter
cut as needed
Sweet Corn
direct sow
— Apr 20 – Jun 4 Apr 23, May 23
First Quarter
60–100
Thyme
transplant
Feb 23 Apr 20 – May 11 Apr 23
First Quarter
cut as needed
Zucchini / Summer Squash
either
Mar 30 Apr 20 – May 20 Apr 23
First Quarter
45–60
Basil
either
Mar 9 Apr 27 – May 20 May 17–20
Waxing Crescent
30–60
Dry Beans
direct sow
— Apr 27 – May 25 May 23
First Quarter
85–100
Pole Beans
direct sow
— Apr 27 – May 30 May 23
First Quarter
60–75
Pumpkin
direct sow
Mar 30 Apr 27 – May 25 May 23
First Quarter
90–120
Rosemary
transplant
Apr 20 Apr 27 – May 20 —
First Quarter
cut as needed
Tomatillo
transplant
Mar 9 Apr 27 – May 20 —
First Quarter
60–75
Tomato
transplant
Mar 9 Apr 27 – May 20 —
First Quarter
60–85
Winter Squash
direct sow
Mar 30 Apr 27 – May 25 May 23
First Quarter
85–110
Cantaloupe / Muskmelon
either
Mar 30 May 4 – May 25 May 23
First Quarter
75–90
Eggplant
transplant
Feb 23 May 4 – May 25 May 23
First Quarter
60–90
Okra
direct sow
Mar 23 May 4 – May 30 May 23
First Quarter
50–70
Pepper
transplant
Feb 23 May 4 – May 25 May 23
First Quarter
60–90
Sweet Potato
slips
— May 4 – May 30 May 4–8
Waning Gibbous
90–150
Watermelon
either
Mar 30 May 4 – May 25 May 23
First Quarter
70–90

Rio Rancho 的秋季播种

秋季日期是从初霜往回推算的,而且还要为“秋季系数”多留出时间:白天 越来越短、越来越凉,作物长得比种子袋上写的慢。播得太晚,是秋菜失败最常见的一个原因。

作物播种或定植最佳月相日收获天数耐寒性
Tomato Jun 6 – Jul 12 Jun 21 60–85 very tender
Brussels Sprouts Jun 9 – Jun 26 Jun 15–20 90–110 hardy
Potato Jun 14 – Jul 16 Jun 29 70–120 semi-hardy
Sweet Corn Jun 19 – Jul 12 Jun 21 60–100 tender
Pole Beans Jun 29 – Jul 12 — 60–75 tender
Parsley Jul 2 – Jul 16 Jul 15–16 70–90 semi-hardy
Okra Jul 4 – Aug 3 Jul 21 50–70 very tender
Cabbage Jul 9 – Jul 21 Jul 15–20 65–90 hardy
Carrot Jul 9 – Jul 21 — 65–85 semi-hardy
Collards Jul 9 – Jul 31 Jul 15–20 55–85 hardy
Cucumber Jul 9 – Jul 22 Jul 21 50–70 tender
Broccoli Jul 14 – Jul 31 Jul 15–20 55–80 hardy
Cauliflower Jul 14 – Jul 31 Jul 15–20 55–80 semi-hardy
Green Beans (bush) Jul 14 – Jul 22 Jul 21 50–65 tender
Lettuce (head) Jul 14 – Jul 26 Jul 15–20 60–85 semi-hardy
Peas (English/snap) Jul 14 – Jul 31 Jul 21 55–75 hardy
Beet Jul 19 – Aug 5 Jul 29 50–65 semi-hardy
Kale Jul 19 – Aug 5 Jul 19–20 50–65 hardy
Swiss Chard Jul 19 – Aug 5 Jul 19–20 50–60 semi-hardy
Zucchini / Summer Squash Jul 19 – Jul 27 Jul 21 45–60 tender
Basil Jul 24 – Aug 11 — 30–60 very tender
Kohlrabi Jul 24 – Aug 10 — 45–60 hardy
Cilantro Jul 29 – Aug 10 — 45–70 semi-hardy
Lettuce (leaf) Jul 29 – Aug 15 Aug 13–15 40–55 semi-hardy
Turnip Jul 29 – Aug 15 Jul 30–Aug 4 40–60 hardy
Spinach Aug 3 – Aug 20 Aug 13–18 35–50 hardy
Dill Aug 8 – Aug 15 Aug 13–15 40–60 semi-hardy
Radish Aug 8 – Sep 2 Aug 28–Sep 2 22–35 hardy
Garlic Sep 22 – Nov 12 Sep 27–Oct 2 240–300 hardy
Shallot Oct 6 – Nov 6 Oct 26–31 90–120 hardy
一句话总结:50% 的霜冻日期是抛硬币,不是放行信号。要是损失一盘番茄苗会让你难受, 就按 May 5 这个日期来种,并且无论如何都备一块覆盖布。

这些数字从哪儿来

Rio Rancho 城内没有长期记录的气象站,所以这里的霜冻日期是 模型推算的,不是实测的。它来自一张半度分辨率的气候网格:把 6,808 个 NOAA 站点(1991–2020 常态值)的 结霜日期与地形、2023 年 USDA 耐寒栅格拟合之后,再读取你所在城市落在的那个网格。拿这些站点本身做校验, 该模型平均误差大约在一周以内——分区与站点完全吻合的比例为 67%,相差不超过半个分区的比例为 97%。 一个网格大约覆盖 35 × 28 英里,所以这是一个“街区级”的答案,不是“后院级”的。如果你附近有 有气象站支撑的地点, 优先用那一个。

这些数据到底有多准?

Extension recommendations for the same crop routinely disagree by two to four weeks, and occasionally more, so these offsets should be presented as windows and starting points rather than deadlines. Three things drive the spread. (1) Regional risk tolerance: for warm-season crops, Colorado State and Utah State put tomatoes, peppers and melons out about 14 days after the last frost, while University of Missouri's calendar works out to roughly 25-35 days after the last frost and University of Maryland's window runs from the frost date itself out to 45 days past it. That is a real 6-week spread for the single most popular garden crop, and it exists because a short-season mountain state is optimizing against a short season while a humid continental state is optimizing against cold, wet spring soil. (2) Soil temperature versus calendar date: most Extension services now say the honest trigger is soil temperature at 4 inches, not the frost date, and the frost-relative number is a convenience translation. A cold, wet spring can push the real date two or three weeks past the calendar recommendation. (3) Days-to-maturity is variety-specific and is measured differently for direct-seeded versus transplanted crops - seed catalogs count from transplant date for tomatoes, peppers, eggplant and cole crops, but from sowing for roots and greens - so a 'days to maturity' range of 60-85 for tomato is genuinely 60-85 depending on which packet you bought. Additionally, the average last frost is a 50% probability, meaning half of all years have a frost after that date; Extension services commonly advise waiting 1-2 weeks past it for anything frost-tender, or being prepared to cover. Treat every number here as plus or minus about 10-14 days.

关于气象站本身:一个气象站只是一个点。城市会蓄热,山谷会积冷空气, 朝北坡地上的菜园可能比一英里外的晚上两周。把这一页当成起点,让你自己的菜园去修正它—— App 里的日记正是为此而设。

附近的地点

Enchanted Hills, NM zone 7b Albuquerque, NM zone 8a Santa Fe, NM zone 7a Roswell, NM zone 7b Las Cruces, NM zone 8b El Paso, TX zone 8b

Rio Rancho 的播种提醒

每逢新月和满月发一封短信,告诉你 Rio Rancho 现在正好在哪些作物的种植窗口里——依据本页的霜冻日期算出。免费,一键退订。

We store your address to send the email and nothing else. No ads, never sold, unsubscribe any time. See our privacy policy.

想在菜园里用手机看?Moon Phase Garden 把你的霜冻日期、种植时间窗和今晚的月相放在一处, 离线也能用,还能让你用自家菜园的实际情况覆盖这些日期。免费,无广告。

在 Google Play 上获取 · 规划一块苗床 · 每月都有收获

← 全部种植日历